Automation and Autonomous Systems

D. Sivakumar ¹, G. J. Janani ², N. Shifu Jahan ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, is with Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, are with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, are with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Textile industry processes are among the most environmentally unfriendly industrial processes, because they produce colour effluent that is heavily polluted the environment. Therefore, effluent from textile industry has to be treated before being discharged into the environment. In this study, experiments were performed using different process parameters like nutrient dosage, dilution ratio, pH and contact time to remove EC, sulphates, phenols and COD from the textile industrial effluent in constructed wetlands with the help of aquatic macrophytes Lemna minor L. From the experiments it was found that the maximum percentage reduction of various parameters in a textile industry wastewater by Lemna minor L. were obtained at an optimum nutrient dosage of 50 g, dilution ratio of 8, pH of 8 and contact time of 4 days. Similarly, the validation experiments results showed that the maximum removal percentage of various parameters like EC, sulphate, phenols and COD in a textile industry effluent is about 80.32, 83.87, 68.22 and 77.32 % respectively. Finally this study was concluded that Lemna minor L. might be used as adsorbents for removing various parameters in a textile industry effluent.

Keywords

Aquatic Macrophytes, Process Parameters, Textile Industry Wastewater, Wastewater Parameters.

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D. Sivakumar ¹, P. Shanmuga Priya ², E. Christyno ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, is with Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, are with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The effectiveness of neem leaves powder, a cheap agro-based product, as a coagulant was evaluated to remove COD and TDS present in a dairy industry wastewater. Experiments were carried out by adding neem leaves powder to the dairy industry wastewater at different dosages, different rapid mixing contact time and slow mixing contact time. Maximum removal of COD and TDS in a dairy industry effluent was obtained at an optimum dosage of 50 mg/l, an optimum rapid mixing contact time of 8 min. and an optimum slow mixing contact time of 20 min. The experimental data were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. Based on regression coefficient, the equilibrium data found fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm model than that of Freundlich isotherm model. The results indicated that the use of neem leaves powder to remove COD and TDS present in a dairy industry wastewater seems to be an economical and worthwhile alternative over conventional methods.

Keywords

Dairy Industry Wastewater, Freundlich Isotherm, Longmuir Isotherm, Process Parameters.

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D. Sivakumar ¹, V. R. Rathish ², Subhadeep Das ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, is with Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, are with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

Soil Stabilization may be broadly defined as alteration or preservation of one or more soil properties to improve the engineering characteristics and performance of a soil. Particularly, with proper treatment, expansive soil carries the load of a structure on the soil strata. So, durability and soundness of the structure mainly depend on the soil types and characteristics. Previous research works showed that there was a potential of using silica waste and other materials for stabilizing the expansive soil to carry the various structures. Further, numbers of researches have studied the physical and chemical properties of fly ash and rice husk ash which was also used as a stabilizing agent for expansive soil. For stabilizing the soil, FA alone cannot be used as a stabilizing agent due to the lack of cementations properties such as lime. This paper presented the result of the effect of change in the index properties of soil using fly ash with lime, not only for strength development but also the durability of lime stabilizing soil.

Keywords

Expansive Soil, Fly Ash, Lime, Strength Properties.

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D. Sivakumar ¹, S. Thiyagarajan ², E. Karikalan ², K. Shaik Abdul Kader ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, is with Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, are with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The total dissolved solids and sulphate in the electroplating industry effluent was adsorbed using Albizia lebbeck pod powder, which was studied by batch method. The effect of initial concentration of Albizia lebbeck pod powder for removing total dissolved solids and sulphate in the electroplating industry effluent has been evaluated. The results of the present study indicated that the maximum adsorption capacity of Albizia lebbeck pod powder for removing total dissolved solids and sulphate in the electroplating industry effluent was observed at an optimum dosage of 1000 mg/l of Albizia lebbeck pod powder. The kinetic data were fitted to the pseudo first-order, pseudo second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models. Based on regression coefficient, the equilibrium data found fitted well with pseudo second-order kinetic model than that of other models.

Keywords

Albizia Lebbeck Pod Powder, Electroplating Industry Effluent, Kinetic Models, Process Parameters.

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D. Sivakumar ¹, B. Chandralekha ², S. Janani ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, is with Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, are with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

The effectiveness of tamarind kernel powder, a cheap agro-based product, as a coagulant was evaluated to remove COD and TDS present in a dairy industry wastewater. Experiments were carried out by adding tamarind kernel powder to the dairy industry wastewater at different dosages, different rapid mixing contact time and slow mixing contact time. Maximum removal of 87.8 % and 91.5 % respectively for COD and TDS was obtained at an optimum dosage of 70 mg/l, 82.8 % and 87.7 % respectively for COD and TDS was obtained at an optimum rapid mixing contact time of 10 min. and 84.6 % and 89.4 % respectively for COD and TDS was obtained at an optimum slow mixing contact time of 30 min. Similarly, the maximum removal percentage obtained at an optimum tamarind kernel powder dosage, rapid mixing contact time and slow mixing contact time for COD and TDS in a dairy industry effluent by tamarind kernel powder is about 89.7 % and 92.3 % respectively. The results indicated that the use of tamarind kernel powder to remove COD and TDS present in a dairy industry wastewater seems to be an economical and worthwhile alternative over conventional methods.

Keywords

Dairy Industry Wastewater, Process Parameters, Tamarind Kernel Seed Powder, Wastewater Properties.

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D. Sivakumar ¹, R. Kayalvizhi ², P. Saraswathi ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, is with Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, are with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN

Abstract

This study was focused on removal copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) from electroplating industry wastewater using the method called electro-dialysis method. The experimental investigations have been carried out by using electro-dialysis method for different temperature and different agitation speed with two electrodes namely carbon and iron. The results showed that the maximum percentage removal of Cu and Ni in the electroplating industrial wastewater was obtained at the temperature of 50oC and agitation speed of 100 rpm respectively by electro-dialysis method. Thus, this study concluded that electro-dialysis method was effectively used for removing Cu and Ni from electroplating industry.

Keywords

Digital Uv Spectrophotometer, Electro-Dialysis, Electroplating Industry Wastewater, Magnetic Stirrer.

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D. Sivakumar ¹, S. Dinesh ², Akshay Sharma ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Civil Engineering, is with Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
2 Department of Civil Engineering, is with the Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, IN
3 Department of Civil Engineering, is with KIIT, Gurgaon, IN

Abstract

Need for building materials is growing at an alarming rate and in order to meet the demand for new buildings, new ways and techniques must be evolved. The use of alternative materials for bricks should be encouraged in order to preserve precious fertile top soil. In such case thermal power stations use pulverized coal as fuel generates large quantities of fly ash as by-product. India generally called as agricultural country and gives many by products such as rice husk, straws etc. These agricultural wastes can be used in stabilization of soils, as one of its cases can used to improve the properties of bricks. Optimum combinations of fly ash-lime and rice husk ash with clay for manufacturing of bricks have been found from laboratory testing.

Keywords

Aquatic Macrophytes, Process Parameters, Textile Industry Wastewater, Wastewater Parameters.

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